Circa proam
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Class II subdivision with skeletal transverse maxillary deficit treated by single-sitting bone-borne appliance
Angle Orthod. 2021 Jan 1;91(1):129-137. doi: 10.2319/050520-394.1.
ABSTRACT
This case report describes orthodontic treatment including both skeletal maxillary expansion and unilateral distalization by means of a single bone-borne appliance followed by clear aligner therapy in a young adult patient. A surgical guide was digitally designed and three-dimensionally printed to facilitate the placement of four miniscrews in the palatal vault. The miniscrews were fitted and the bone-borne appliance was delivered in a single clinical appointment. The postexpansion photographic records and models demonstrate the opening of the palatal median suture, the pure skeletal expansion, and the resolution of the left crossbite after 40 activations. Specifically, left molar Class I was obtained in about 5 months without any loss of anterior anchorage, and the subsequent aligner phase achieved all of the objectives established in the treatment plan. This case report shows clearly how careful digital planning of miniscrew insertion and the delivery of a pure bone-borne appliance in a single sitting enabled good clinical outcomes to be achieved in an acceptable timeframe, without side effects, even in a young adult patient.
PMID:33289804 | PMC:PMC8032276 | DOI:10.2319/050520-394.1
The perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental undergraduate students in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna
Eur J Dent Educ. 2021 Aug;25(3):621-633. doi: 10.1111/eje.12640. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The outbreak and diffusion of the novel SARS-CoV2 coronavirus have caused an emergency status in the dental education system.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An anonymous survey composed of 34 questions was delivered to students of the Master Degree Programme in Dentistry and Dental Prosthodontics of the Universities of Emilia-Romagna, the fifth Italian region most affected by the pandemic. The psychological impact of COVID-19 was assessed by means of the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7). Numerically recoded data were analysed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), whilst to investigate the association between quantitative variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient (R) was computed.
RESULTS: The questionnaire was completed by 399 students (75%) out of 532. Most students experienced difficulties in working at the thesis during the COVID-19 emergency. For over half of them, online teaching could only partially replace traditional face-to-face lessons. The negative impact on the study career was judged as particularly high by sixth-year students. Clinical training activities were considered as exposing to the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection by the majority of the students. The level of concern of contracting COVID-19 infections during future university activities was positively correlated to risk perception related to clinical training.
CONCLUSION: The results of this survey could be used to train students to a correct risk assessment. Students reported experiencing concern whilst thinking of COVID-19 and 6.5% of them showed symptoms related to high levels of anxiety. These data may guide Universities in trying to reduce students’ anxiety by means of correct communication strategies.
PMID:33269536 | PMC:PMC7753295 | DOI:10.1111/eje.12640
Comparative analysis of passive play and torque expression in self-ligating and traditional lingual brackets
J Orofac Orthop. 2022 Jan;83(1):13-22. doi: 10.1007/s00056-021-00314-1. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the play and torque expression of self-ligating and conventionally ligated lingual brackets, with square and rectangular slots, when engaged with archwires of different size, cross section and material.
METHODS: Passive play and torque expression of 3 types of archwires and 5 types of brackets from four different manufacturers were measured and compared using a dynamometer. Each archwire was tested five times in each bracket; passive play was compared to ideal values, while torque expression was tested at 5, 10 and 20 Nmm as clinically efficacious values.
RESULTS: Regarding full thickness stainless steel archwires, the lowest passive play was found in STb brackets (2.66 ± 0.89°, Ormco, Glendora, CA, USA), which was statistically significantly lower than for ALIAS brackets (4.44 ± 0.75°, Ormco), In-Ovation L brackets (6.14 ± 3.22°, Dentsply GAC, Bohemia, NY, USA), Harmony brackets (7.76 ± 2.94°, American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, WI, USA) and eBrace brackets (9.46 ± 3.94°, Riton Biomaterial, Guangzhou, China). Increasing the torsional load to the greatest torsional load clinically applicable, there were no statistically significant differences between STb, ALIAS, In-Ovation L and Harmony brackets.
CONCLUSIONS: STb and ALIAS brackets generated the lowest passive play; STb and In-Ovation L brackets showed the lowest angle of play at the greatest torque expression. These measurements allow to understand the accuracy of lingual systems and at the same time the amount of overcorrections to be applied in the setup in order to obtain high quality orthodontic treatments.
PMID:34185103 | DOI:10.1007/s00056-021-00314-1
Preliminary Molecular Survey of the Possible Presence of Xylella fastidiosa in the Upper Ionian Coasts of Calabria, Italy, through the Capture and Analysis of Its Main Vector Insects
Insects. 2021 May 13;12(5):446. doi: 10.3390/insects12050446.
ABSTRACT
Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, strain CoDiRO is the bacterium responsible for the onset of the disease known as the olive quick decline syndrome, which has been causing a phytosanitary and economic emergency in the Apulia region since 2013. To date, three insect species have been identified as pathogenic carriers of X. fastidiosa. With the advancement of the infection front, and the possibility of pathogenic insects being “hitchhiked” over long distances, the monitoring of the vectors of X. fastidiosa in the Italian regions bordering Apulia is an increasingly contingent issue for the rapid containment of the bacterium and the protection of the olive-growing heritage. Accordingly, the present research concerned the capture and recognition of the vector insects of X. fastidiosa in the upper Ionian coasts of Calabria (Italy) to evaluate the possible presence of the bacterium through molecular diagnostic techniques. The sampling allowed us to ascertain the presence of Philaenus spumarius and Neophilaenus campestris and their preferential distribution in olive groves and meadows, whereas all the 563 individuals tested negative for the pathogen.
PMID:34068247 | PMC:PMC8153157 | DOI:10.3390/insects12050446
Comparison of the accuracy of digital face scans obtained by two different scanners
Angle Orthod. 2021 Sep 1;91(5):641-649. doi: 10.2319/092720-823.1.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To compare the degree of accuracy of the Face Hunter facial scanner and the Dental Pro application for facial scanning, with respect to both manual measurements and each other.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients were measured manually and scanned using each device. Six reference markers were placed on each subject’s face at the cephalometric points Tr, Na’, Prn, Pog’, and L-R Zyg. Digital measurement software was used to calculate the distances between the cephalometric reference points on each of the scans. Geomagic X Control was used to superimpose the scans, automatically determining the best-fit alignment and calculating the percentage of overlapping surfaces within the tolerance ranges.
RESULTS: Individual comparisons of the four distances measured anthropometrically and on the scans yielded an intraclass correlation coefficient index greater than .9. The t-test for matched samples yielded a P value below the significance threshold. Right and left cheeks reached around 60% of the surface, with a margin of error between 0.5 mm and -0.5 mm. The forehead was the only area in which most of the surface fell within the poorly reproducible range, presenting values out of tolerance of more than 20%.
CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional scans of the facial surface provide an excellent analytical tool for clinical evaluation; it does not appear that one or the other of the measuring tools is systematically more accurate, and the cheeks are the area with the highest average percentage of surface in the highly reproducible range.
PMID:33826690 | PMC:PMC8376172 | DOI:10.2319/092720-823.1
Association of the mid-palatal suture morphology to the age and to its density: A CBCT retrospective comparative observational study
Int Orthod. 2021 Jun;19(2):235-242. doi: 10.1016/j.ortho.2021.03.002. Epub 2021 Mar 27.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The twofold aim of the present investigation was to: 1. evaluate the degree of mid-palatal suture (MPS) maturation via CBCT in relation to patient age, and 2. to determine whether there was a correlation between quantitative (i.e., suture density) and qualitative (i.e., suture morphology) analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The stage of mid-palatal suture maturation and suture density ratio were assessed for 160 subjects on CBCTs using five qualitative stages proposed by Angelieri with the addition of three additional stages (i.e., B/C, C/D and D/E) and quantitative grey density scores of Grünheid MPS1,2,3,4 with the addition of parasutural bone and soft palate. The repeatability of both methods was evaluated using Cohen’s K.The relationship between midpalatal suture maturation and age was assessed using ANOVA and Classification and Regression Trees (CART) analysis and tabulation and a χ2 test for quantitative and qualitative analysis respectively. Statistical significance was assessed using a 5% threshold.
RESULTS: The final sample included 160 CBCTs (80 male,80 female; mean age 23.2±13.5). Both methods were found to be correlated and highly repeatable. In addiction they showed an age-related correlation in MPS morphology.
CONCLUSION: The mid-palatal suture density ratio and the stage of mid-palatal suture maturation has the potential to become useful in clinical practice. In fact, despite the correlation between MPS maturation stage and age, the latter parameter cannot be used as a clinical discriminator due to the great variability between subjects. It is therefore advisable to assess each patient individually on CBCT scans in order to determine treatment choices.
PMID:33785290 | DOI:10.1016/j.ortho.2021.03.002
Micro-computed tomography evaluation of general trends in aligner thickness and gap width after thermoforming procedures involving six commercial clear aligners: An in vitro study
Korean J Orthod. 2021 Mar 25;51(2):135-141. doi: 10.4041/kjod.2021.51.2.135.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of thermoforming on aligner thickness and gap width in six aligner systems with the same nominal thickness.
METHODS: Six passive upper aligners of different brands were adapted to a single printed cast. Each sample was evaluated with high-resolution micro-computed tomography. To investigate aligner thickness and gap width, two-dimensional (2D) analysis was conducted assessing the effects of the following variables: tooth type (central incisor, canine, and first molar), 2D reference points, and aligner type. Data were analyzed and compared using analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc tests (p < 0.05).
RESULTS: Tooth type, dental region, and aligner type affected both the gap width and aligner thickness. The aligner thickness remained moderately stable across the arch only in the F22.
CONCLUSIONS: All thermoformed samples displayed smaller aligner thickness and gap width at anterior teeth and both gingival and coronal centers than at posterior teeth and occlusal surfaces.
PMID:33678629 | PMC:PMC7940810 | DOI:10.4041/kjod.2021.51.2.135